If you shut your door to all errors truth will be shut out.

- by Rabindranath Tagore

– by Rabindranath Tagore

我们是上帝的影子。

不断创造，不断发现。

The trees come up to my window like the yearning voice of the dumb earth.

- by Rabindranath Tagore

牙买加人口280万，新加坡人口近400万。牙买加能拿那么多金牌，新加坡能得一两块应该不是遥不可及的梦吧？

要这么比的话，我的家乡人口不过几百万，也出过几个奥运冠军。只是对于拿金牌这样的事来说，我觉得总人口多少没有什么意义。专业玩体育的人数在这个问题上才有可比性。

从少年体工队，到体育生，到体校，到大学体育特招生，在中国身边遇到混体育的人比在新加坡碰到的多得多了。同样是人口几百万的城市，专业玩体育的能比新加坡多几十倍，比新加坡多拿奥运奖牌一点也不奇怪。

为什么新加坡没人玩专业体育呢？深的说不来，我看到的至少有两个问题。

新加坡搞体育气氛不足，这是其一。

别的不说，中国的很多学校，包括中小学每年都有一次校运会。另外其他大大小小的运动会接连不断。新加坡呢？连奥运都没什么人关注。少了这些运动会，自然就少了很多机会选拔人才。

新加坡搞体育不能生活，此其二。

要父母送自己的孩子去搞体育，以出人头地拿金牌来号召是不行的。拿冠军的几率太低了，有多少父母会拿自己孩子的未来做赌注呢？还不如去买TOTO更实际点。

这点中国也比新加坡做得好多了。对于很多中国农村的家庭，拿冠军远没有搞体育能拿到城市户口，有单位接收，有口好饭吃来得实在。

新加坡没有农村，只能想办法让搞体育的人能有相对好，相对稳定的生活。如果这点做到了，我想新加坡的家长才会安心让自己的孩子走上体育这条吃苦的道路吧。

不过这个城市有很多令人惬意的地方。

这是一个凌乱却又处处充满平和的城市。

吉隆坡城市规划有太多的失误，这些问题直接影响到每个人的日常生活。吉隆坡人也许对这些问题都习以为常了，偶尔能听到他们的抱怨，却很少见到他们的烦躁。

一次我们从唐人街坐出租车去时代广场，很短的距离。司机一面开着车在狭窄的路上穿行一面告诉我们，路上有一个大商场在搞促销，直走大路会很塞车，要绕小路转个大弯。

虽然小路上的车不是非常多，但路上的行人，小贩很多，汽车要左躲右闪，开得很不顺畅。换在广州或深圳，司机早就开骂了，天南地北，各路司机有各路骂法。但我们这个吉隆坡司机并不太介意，只是小心地开着车，还不时给我们解释吉隆坡的一些情况。

大叔的手搭在方向盘上，随意的打着拍子。车里冷气机吃力的振动，车外是繁乱的喧哗，我听不到音乐，看到大叔心里唱着歌。

东南亚四季常绿，物产丰富。一套短装可以一年穿到头，不会冷死；肚子饿了有象手臂那么粗的香蕉填肚皮，实在不行捡两个椰子砸开就是一顿了。

“躺在椰子树下，听着海浪声，吹着海风，晃晃悠悠就是一天。”

懒惰，不思进取，这是跟我们儒家传统的不断奋斗完全相反的一种生活态度。

当然，这种慵懒会让人感到效率低，让我们已经很习惯变化的人觉得停滞不前。不过这种随遇而安的态度给当前充满压力，唯利是图的社会带来点点平和，使得人与人之间更有人情味。

在广东每次去到另一个城市，一下长途车，总有很多热情的司机围上来，当你回应不坐他们的车的时候，就马上黑下脸来，转身而去，要不就拉着人，非让你坐上他的车不可。

在吉隆坡也能遇到很多拉客的司机，只是他们没有对人那么强迫。我试过好多次在拒绝了他们的服务之后，还向他们问路，这些司机也不计较，很和善，详细，耐心地给我把方向讲清楚。

去年在深圳我去看双年展的时候，也尝试着向一个拉客未果的司机问了一下路，这位大哥也是很和善，详细，耐心地给我把方向讲清楚。只是后来我按他的指引朝左转弯直走了10分钟觉得不对再问两个人后才明白自己被人耐心地忽悠了一把，悻悻地掉头。

在吉隆坡我还有幸没给拉客司机糊弄过，尽管我厚着脸皮铁着心问了很多次拉客未果的司机大叔。

没办法，吉隆坡的路太乱，而且基本上路标都不靠谱，实在不得不多问路。

这次短短一天吉隆坡之行尝试了吉隆坡的LRT（轻轨），KTM（火车），和出租车，深刻地体会到混乱的吉隆坡交通，效率低下的城市管理。

比如说，吉隆坡的轻轨系统据说是由两个不同公司建设的，各自按自己的喜好实行不同的标准。最让我头痛的是，有时候换线时居然要出闸，过个马路，再进闸。我以前去吉隆坡背包行时对此中的麻烦就有所领教，所以这次要坐车前先问个明白，确定不需要换线时才选择搭轻轨。

吉隆坡的出租车很便宜，但是你要学会不打表讲价，而且要忍受无时不在的塞车。吉隆坡的塞车很大程度上是由错误的城市规划造成的：吉隆坡的市中心集中了太多的购物中心，银行，和办公大楼。吉隆坡的道路设计也常常让人莫名其妙。我们从Mega Mall出来，要坐车绕着Mega Mall两圈才能离开。

新加坡每个公共场合通常对重要的建筑物都有明确的指示。在地铁站和汽车站这样的地方经常还有附近地带的地图。到了吉隆坡才感觉到新加坡人是给政府宠坏了。到了吉隆坡一切靠自己。要不自己凭着感觉走，要不看太阳找方向，要不多动动口到处问问。

我们要找的KTM站是在一个4星酒店后面，到了酒店了找不到任何指示，只好不停地问人，绕到酒店后面，一条高速公路横在面前。远远看到马路对面一个地方像是车站了，左顾右盼，愣是没有一个指示牌，也没有一个人可以问。只见左边远处有一横跨高速路的巨大广告牌，广告牌后面隐约有人走过，朋友说那应该是人行天桥了。做好往回走的打算去到跟前绕过广告牌才能确认是天桥。谢天谢地。走过去，买到票，又要往回走一段天桥才到我们的站台。那时正好是中午，又累又饿，身体快要被热带的太阳蒸干了，剩下半条命，远远地看到一列火车晃晃过来，心中窃喜，准备着在火车里的空调里喘口气。朋友随口问了旁边的人一句，想确认一下，谁知道原来这条线上跑着两趟车，我们要去的地方要下一趟车才能到。看着这趟车过去了，庆幸之余，大家又骂起娘来了。买票的时候没有人提醒一下，没有人在广播里提示一下，只是在线路图上简单的标出蓝绿两条线，天晓得哪趟车是我们要坐的？

–你自己的事情，自己想办法。这就是我从吉隆坡的城市管理获得的最明确的信息。

不知道有什么地方得罪网管了，有点莫名奇妙。被误杀了吧，也不懂要到哪里投诉。

看来只好换个服务器了。

点击图片看大图

有人用这副图片去分析世界各地的发展程度，灯光越亮的地方意味着发展的越兴旺。

一眼看去，中国比印度稍微亮一些，但比美国，欧洲和日本要暗一些。

Birds of a feather flock together.  Strongly hold people the bonds of having common memories and customs, eating similar food and speaking the same accent. 

But sometimes there are exceptions.

I met a young Chinese student, Xiao Wang, few days ago.  He studies in a Singapore private university, a university running UK and Australian degree programs.  Striving to build a regional education hub, Singapore government encourages these universities reach out to recruit students from developing countries.  Xiao Wang’s school has students from China, Vietnam, Russia, Africa and many others places.

Talking about life on campus, I asked him whether there was any fight in his school. 

He got excited in this topic.

“We have many Mongolian students. “

“Oh…?” I am a bit surprised.  A country with a vast land, small population, north to China. 

“They are big, strong and haughty. Often bully our Chinese students. ”

I’d thought he were talking about American students. 

“We were no match.  We were defeated. ”

Mongolian wrestling were flashing on my mind.

“Luckily, we have helpers. ”

Here came the bigger surprise.

“Those black African guys helped us!  They called those Mongolian students into the washroom.  After a while, out came those Mongolian, crying.  Hahaha…” He laughed, elatedly.

“African and Chinese together beat those Mongolian.  They dare not touch us now. ”

There ended this tiny world war.

“Some Chinese students mingle really well with those African.” He finally added.

Why people from thousands miles away help Chinese fight with people who are from nearby country and of the same color?

African and Chinese are brothers — at least in this incident.

African, China, Singapore, campus violence

不知道是因为我看了太多的三级图片还是那些香港审查员们太少上网，我真的看不出在阿蔼的这篇檄文的图片有多么不雅。

有一点我是肯定的：这张图片对我们家现在三岁大的康康是没有什么负面的影响。相信绝大多数带过两三岁小孩的父母都会同意我的观点。不知道这点能不能帮助阿蔼打赢官司。

www.dreamfordarfur.org/

是她达尔富尔诉求的主网站。

A Shanghai-based consulting firm recently published a report on the annual salary of top executives in China’s listed companies. 

According to the report, in 2006, the average annual salary of those top executives increased 18% compared with that of year 2005.

The happy man below is the top earner.

He is the chairman of Shenzhen Development Bank.  He got US$ 1.3 million for his salary last year. 

The second person in the list is the General Manager of CIMC, a container manufacturer.  He earned US$ 760,000 salary last year.  The top executive from Bank of China follows with a salary of US$ 730,000. 

These figures do not include the share value they have.

The annual salary of the least-earners maybe more interesting.  If we make a list with the least-earner of the China’s listed companies, we can have these three on top.

1. ST. TongCheng (Retailing), US$ 2,500

2. XianChengShiYe(Textile), US$2,600

3. JinHuaLuJian (Chemicals), US$ 2,610

They earn less than manager’s monthly income in Singapore. 

The consultant makes a special statement in the report, “Retain a suspicion of the integrity of these companies and the authenticity and integrity of the information disclosed.”

Maybe these executives are China’s Lee Iacocca. 

Who knows.

目前中国中小学的信息技术课教学内容如下：
1、信息技术基本概念。
2、Windows基本操作。
3、指法和打字。
4、Windows画图软件的使用。
5、Windows写字板的使用。
6、Office Word的使用。
7、PowerPiont的使用。
8、IE和OE的使用。

中小学的信息技术课教学大纲反映了国内对数字时代生存基本技能的理解，相信是经过教育部对中国现状和未来深思熟虑，反复论证的。

小孩应该掌握怎样的基本信息技术技能才能在现在和未来的数字时代的里生存呢？

我的看法是，

1. 能安装、运行基本程序；
2. 能作基本文档编辑；
3. 能作基本图片编辑；
4. 能在网上注册使用虚拟社区（如论坛，博客等）帐号；
5. 能使用电邮与别人联系；
6. 能使用搜索引擎找到信息。

第1至3点是单机使用，4至6是网络。

软件可用性的鼻祖Jakob Nielsen最近提出了他的看法。

他认为，小学生学习怎样使用Excel没有什么意义,因为这些软件的功能在不断完善,大部分功能以后都会很容易使用. 学校应该教学生他们不大可能自学得到的东西.

因此,现在的小学生应该学习以下的基本信息技术技能，

1. 搜索策略
2. 信息可靠度的查证
3. 信息过载的处理
4. 网上写作能力
5. 利用电脑的演示能力
6. 办公人体工效学–也就是办公室安全注意事项
7. 代码排错能力
8. 用户可用性的基本要点

除了第8点外,我基本同意这位尼大叔的观点.

I was sitting at a corner and enjoying to see the tags flying, hoping it can stick to more people, until I kenna arrow by Jen.  “Kenna arrow” is one of the few Singlish terms I learn.   

I have actually been shot in Chinese once.  Well, since this blog is meant to bridge the cultures, I ought to do again in English. 

I promised Jen I would do it in about two weeks, which turned out to be two months.  My apologies, and I make my five longer to compensate.

1. I do not have a diverse family background as Jen does, but I feel my parents’ experiences are interesting. 

They grew up in Indonesia.  When the first anti-Chinese wave struck Indonesia in 1960′s, they decided to move back China, to serve their motherland, leaving many other relatives and friends behind.  It was relatives and friends who help me come to Singapore.

When China opened its door, my parents decided to change their track again, moving to Hong Kong in the 1990′s. 

In China, traveling was far more difficult than it has been nowadays.  While I cannot know how many difficulties they have experienced, I know how much trouble I have when I am moving back China to start my new venture.

It seems their life repeats a bit in mine.

2. I lived in a church of Zhaoqing until I was 8.  It was a church known to have  affiliation with Matteo Ricci. 

During the time when “religions is the spiritual opium,” the local government confiscated the church building and made it into a public housing.   The church was renovated into a two-storey, and divided into some 10 rooms(cubicles) by plywood. 

My family took one room in the second floor.  The kitchen was in an opposite cabin downstairs and the W.C., if you called it W.C., was some 100 meters away.  

Despite all the inconvenience in daily life, I was very happy living there because I enjoyed lots of fun with my little pals in the community. 

The community shared some communism characters.  It consisted with people from different backgrounds.  There had engineer, government officials, librarian, mechanic, worker, and painter.  It was a crowded neighborhood, but  it maintained an ambience of relaxation and mutual-respect. 

We, the kids, did not have many toys so that we invented a lot of games to play.  We started to play as soon as we got up, and came back when our moms shouted our names at the main gate in front of the building at night. 

It’s all sun-shining days to me.

3. Ory walked herself home at her 3 1/2.  Less notably, I did something similar at an older age. 

As China was opening up, we got better housing.  We moved to another building. 

I was bored with the new place in the beginning.  So I decided to visit my old friends in the church one day with my younger sister, who was about 3 years old. 

We started after our parents went to work in the afternoon.  It took us almost one hour to find the church.  The city was not so big.  It was much much safer than now.

The only two kids left in the building were a brother and a sister.  Unfortunately, they were locked in their home by their parents.  It was normal at that time when both parents were working. 

In spite of the older brother’s strong objection, the sister slid out a pair of pliers and a screwer.  I tried very hard to break the lock.  In the end, even the brother tried to help, shouting and jumping as if it could make his advice more effective. 

After almost 2 hours, at the age of 8, I used up all my strength and intelligence to break the door only to see that their dad came back from work.  He was perplexed initially, but soon found out what was going on after interrogated the brother.  He beat the sister very hard. 

It was not a surprise to me.  I waited outside until the sister stopped crying and went home depressedly with my sister, who had no clue of what happened. 

I even did not have a chance to see the sister’s face at that time.

One month later, I got even more depressed as I found out from a Greek mythology how Zeus sneaked into a castle to save a girl. 

All right, I am not Zeus but I should have done a better job in opening the door. 

4. After some time I settled in the new place, I made some new friends in the new community.

I used to have all sorts of fancy ideas, such as putting some chemicals into the water to make the goldfish become real Gold fish, or walking through the wall by saying some long magic words which I found in a book (not the Harry Potter).  Luckily, being a lazy boy, I seldom put those ideas into actions. 

I did try once when I was so fed up with my mom’s nagging that I wanted to find a place to escape.  I thought of my friends.  I often fought with those kids, but we shared the same misery apparently. 

I got together a few of them and we quickly reached an agreement on digging a house under the ground.  I drew a design paper and we started at the flat land behind our building. 

It was an ambitious plan, considering the land filled with steel bars, bricks, rocks, etc.  We tried a whole morning.  All we had done was a 1 meter deep hole on the ground. 

My dad thought we were making a trap and stopped us.  He actually sparked the idea. 

We decided to turned this tiny dent of the universe into a trap.  The next step was to get somebody fall into the trap.

I still remembered the expressions of those trapped kids when they were falling down the trap.

Though this was not so innovative compared with what John had done, I smile in my mind as I am writing this memory.

5. By the time I was able to read the columns on newspaper, I believed I found the solution to the messy world.

I found a rival, my dad who majored in political science and always denied me.  I therefore raised debates with my dad.  The dinner table became the battle field.  My dad seemed not care for my irreverence and took the challenges from me. 

Guess what, I was the person always defended socialism.

Until now, I still defend socialism once in a while on the net, though it is not often so. 

I miss the old days.

Finally, I can clear this on my to-do-list. 

It is my turn to shoot the arrows. haha…

Preetam, you should not run away this time. 

Portnoy, I know you are going to the army, so you will have many interesting stories.  And I want to know what made you become so Green.

Oiwan, I still don’t know which blog is yours.

David, you always supply ammunitions to this blog.

Undersound, make some noises this time please.

丁小美, you can tell us about food and music.

Danny, you have a lot to tell about China’s education.

Added on March 5, 2007

Oliver, I know you have three blogs.  I am sure you are able to cover five different meme on each of your blog.  That is 3 * 5 = 15.

我看到最早把Wikinomics译成维基经济的是在维基百科上粤语版的这一篇，

http://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikinomics_(%E6%9B%B8)

台湾《立报》上的这篇

無本經營 寫部落格有賺頭

介绍得更有趣些，不过就晚了一点了。

前段时间在网上看到不少对近期印尼发展的描述，这次亲身体会，印象深刻。感觉尽管印尼还有很多困难（雅加达正在闹水灾，已经接近瘟疫流行的边缘），它正逐渐从民主乱象中走出来，迎向发展的春天。

民主对经济发展是有利还是有害？真希望印尼可以做出个另一个正面的例子来。记得在上世纪八、九十年代的时候，印尼的人均GDP一直是比中国高的，到现在却是比中国的人均GDP落后了一大截。

昨晚参加了两个有趣的聚会。

一个是Second Life新加坡用户第一次在现实生活的会面。

这次聚会是由IdeaFactory的Eng Kiat和Nicholas组织的。IdeaFactory现在是Second Life在新加坡的临时联络处，他们透露Second Life将在近期正式进军新加坡，而且将以新加坡为中心，发展Second Life在亚洲（除日本与韩国）的业务。新加坡经济发展局（EDB）也将资助一批新加坡人到旧金山Second Life总部去培训，帮助Second Life在新加坡的业务发展。

这对新加坡本地的数字媒体开发是个很好的消息。可以预见Second Life的这个中心将刺激新加坡成立很多以Second Life业务为主的公司。对亚洲其它地区而言，Second Life离他们更靠近了一步，应该会更容易听到亚洲用户的声音。

昨晚参加完Second Life的聚会后，匆忙赶回家，正好赶上Interlocals的网上讨论。

我一直关注着Oiwan创立的这个网站，很早就在上面登记了帐号，有几次都差点想把我的翻译发给他们，只是我的little bridge比较关注文化交流上的小事，而Interlocals专注于人权，民主，社会转变等大事，感觉little bridge有点配不上Interlocals的大框架。

我是以旁观者的身份参加这次网上的讨论。看着与会者积极地讨论Interlocals遇到的问题，很为这些志愿工作者的热情而感动。这世界上真的有不少人不求名利，只为帮助人而付出。

Interlocals主要是由几个香港志愿工作者创立的。

我在新加坡也参加了一些志愿团体，但总感觉新加坡这边的本地志愿工作者缺乏真正的热情－－他们的热情大多都很肤浅，暖不到人心里。奇怪的是，我感觉香港是一个比新加坡更商业化，更资本主义，更符合适者生存丛林法则的地方，但我却能经常遇到充满热情的香港志愿工作者。也许一个冷漠的地方更需要热情的人来温暖，要不然每个人都变成巨大商业机器上的一个个冷酷的零件了。

参加Interlocals网上讨论的另一个收获是，在little bridge上加上了Creative Common的声明。我以前对这个一直都不重视，总以为blog通常默认就是Creative Common的了。

http://cn.bbs.yahoo.com/message/read_funny_741345.html
http://bbs.military.china.com/jsp/pub/staticFile/htmls/2006/10/1011/5893993_page0.html http://www.fyjs.cn/bbs/read.php?tid=81274
http://military.club.china.com/jsp/pub/staticFile/htmls/2006/12/1011/6848404_page0.html http://free.21cn.com/forum/bbsMessageList.act?currentPage=1&bbsThreadId=1528356
http://bbs.wenxin8.com/read.php?tid=87621
http://bbs.military.china.com/jsp/pub/staticFile/htmls/2006/10/1011/5893993_page0.html http://bbs6.news.163.com/board/rep2.jsp?b=zhongri&i=982873

这些帖子大多数都用了一些相同的扫描图，象下面这一幅。（在这里看更多的图）

我们伟大唐朝的领土在这副所谓韩国的历史教科书里被挤到西南的一角。这激起国人无限的爱国热情，对如此“无耻”的韩国当然就没有什么好话了。

姑且不论历史遗留下来的问题，这些图到底是不是真正的韩国教科书？

我就此问了一个韩国人朋友，得到了一个否定的答案。

看来是有人搅浑水。

我不懂韩文，只好用英文发了这一篇Are these from the real Korean textbook?，问一下到底这些图是怎么回事。

关注韩国的英文网站The Marmot’s Hole作出回应。R. Elgin写道，

…pretty much the same accusation that is commonly made about the Chinese Government and their attempts to reinterpret or revise historical fact to suit their own political purposes.

（这些中国人对韩国人的指控）跟韩国人对中国政府的指控很相像。韩国人指责中国政府为了他们的政治利益而篡改历史事实。

I wonder just where this sort of nonsense is going to go since it is undoubtedly indirectly sponsored by the Chinese Government or, rather I wonder if there is going to be a Chinese Dokdo in the future.

显然这是由中国政府背后支持的。我想知道这种荒唐的东西会走多远，我更想知道将来会不会出现一个中国“独岛”问题。

The Marmot在little bridge上的留言回答得更详细，

There are historians in Korea that make claims such as these—one of the books is by the former vice-chancelor of Daejeon National University, while the others are by historian Oh Jae-seong—but such claims are not widely accepted within the Korean historical community (as the Korean consulate in Shanghai explained when those maps first became news in China in May of last year). In fact, Koreans are much more concerned with what many consider to be creative map-making in Chinese textbooks (both in the PRC and the ROC)—see here and here.

确实有些韩国的历史学家是这么认为的。这其中有一本书是大田国立大学的前副校长写的，另外的书是历史学家Oh Jae-seong写的。但是他们的观点并没为韩国其他历史学家所广泛接受（正如韩国驻上海的领事在去年5月份这些图首先被新闻报道的时候，他所解释的那样。）事实上，韩国人对中国人（包括共和国和民国）在历史书上的创意更为关心，请看这里和这里。

Winne这么回应，

The above books are not Korean textbooks. If it’s an official textbook, it has the title “교과서”.
Anyway, it is sure to be eccentric people, including Koreans. I’m Korean and don’t know the territory images.

以上几本书并不是韩国教科书。正式的教科书上有“교과서”这个标题。

无论如何，这肯定是一些怪人（做的），包括韩国人。我是韩国人，我并没有看过那些地图。

来自莫斯科的Dr. Lankov回应说，

The map is from a book published by some marginal extremist group of ultra-nationalist amateur historians. Very few people in Korea (and nearly nobody in the professional community) would consider their wild claims seriously. Needless to say, nothing like it is to be found in Korean textbooks. There are some nationalist distortions in the textbooks, but on much, much smaller scale.

这些地图是由少数极端民族主义业余历史学家制作的。在韩国很少人（在学术圈里基本上没有）会把他们那些疯狂观点当回事。不用说，在韩国教科书里是找不到这些图的。在他们的教科书里会有些民族性的偏差，但远远没那么严重。

来自美国的Sonagi先生在韩国住了很多年，后来又迁居青岛4年。Sonagi先生掌握英文，中文和韩文。他帮忙找出很多有价值的资料。

The second image, a book with a yellow cover, is of a book published in 2002 by a retired history professor. The poor-quality color maps (notice that the northern Japanese island of Hokkaido seems to be missing) may have been created by the author, Professor Lim. All of the other black-and-white images http://bbs.news.163.com/mil/968958,52.html ) circulating around Chinese websites are from several books or maps published by the same author, historian Oh Jaesung. The materials were published many years ago, not recently, and one of the images looks doctored.

They are NOT textbooks and the maps and views of history published in these books is scoffed at by mainstream historians …

（上面）第二幅图，就是黄色封面的那本书是由一个退休教授在2002年出版的。

那些质量不好的彩图大概是那个作者，Lim教授制作的（请注意上面好像没有日本北部的Hokkaido岛）。其它在中国网上流传的黑白图片是出自同一历史学家Oh Jaesung出版的不同的几本书或地图册。

这些都是很多年前印的材料了，不是最近出版的。其中有一幅图看起来被人修改过。

那些都不是韩国教科书。韩国主流历史学家很鄙视那些地图和相应的观点…

热心的Sonagi还把他收集的真正的韩国历史教科书扫描并上传到网上，

这是由韩国教育部批准的2002年版高中历史课本里的一幅历史地图

同一本课本中唐代的东北和朝鲜半岛的地图

1952年版的韩国课本中的历史地图。

到此为止，我们可以确认那些不是韩国的历史教科书。

韩流在中国到处吹，但很多中国人对韩国还是很不了解。有人利用这点制造网上事端。我不大相信这是中国政府或是日本政府的阴谋，我更倾向于相信这是有的人为了吸引眼球而无事生非。

教科书的真伪问题解决了，但Won Joon Choe先生在讨论中提出了一个很让人深思的问题，

Dr. Lankov and Sonagi,

As a Korean citizen who is unusually attached to his patria in this rootless age of ours, I appreciate that you two are doing a yeoman’s work in defending the sanity of the contemporary Korean historical consciousness. Nor am I surprised by your attempt to inject some perspective here, for you two are both among the most balanced and rational commenters in the Korean Blogsophere–where rationality is often an orphan. But I cannot in good conscience agree with the seeming thrust of your message.

Namely, I object to your seeming effort to simply dismiss these outrageous Korean historical claims on China as rantings of a lunatic fringe. There is a point at which a well-meaning defense transmogrifies into an unreflective apology that refuses to believe that Rome is indeed burning. May I be as bold as to even say, to reverse Burke’s elegant formula, sometimes our helper is our adversary? For instance, speaking from my own intellectual background in political philosophy, the one-sided apology of Nietzsche as purely an aesthete to counter the fascist accusations by Walter Kauffman (or the attempt to portray Leo Strauss as an ordinary “liberal” rather than the father of neoconservatism by his legion of defenders) have distorted Nietzsche as much as corrected pernicious misperceptions of him.

（Won Joon Choe先生在上面两段文字里说，Dr. Lankov和Sonagi是韩语博客圈里少数理性的人。他理解他们的好意，但他们把那几个韩国历史学家的观点评论为极端分子的狂嚎（rantings of a lunatic fringe），并对他们不屑一顾，这却有可能不利于大家对问题的理解。）

And likewise, the fact of the matter is this: There is a serious disconnect between the South Korean public historical consciousness and what most impartial scholars posit as Korean history. Moreover, much of that disconnect does involve the size and power of ancient Korean kingdoms of Gojoseon or Koguryo. While it is true that no textbook (as far as I know) claim that the Chinese heartland used to be Korean, such a belief is ubiquitous in the popular culture. I have certainly encountered numerous Korean students living abroad who believe it and blame Chinese chroniclers and their Korean sycophants for distorting the true Korean history.

同样，事实是：南韩公众的历史认识与大多数公正的历史学家所认为的韩国历史有很大的差异。而且，这些差异很多都跟古代韩国高句丽的大小与影响有关。在韩国确实没有课本（至少按照我的认识）把中国中原地带划为以前韩国的领土，但这种观点在韩国的大众文化里却普遍存在。我就遇到无数的住在国外的韩国学生相信这种观点。这些韩国学生指责中国历史学家和韩奸们歪曲了真正韩国的历史。

In fact, as I have written elsewhere, such a view is the standard view among Korean television historical dramas. In “Yeon Gaesomun,” perhaps the most anticipated and costliest Korean historical drama of all-time, it is explicitly said that China was Korean land in the time of Gojoseon. And in the context of the drama, this is advanced as a historical fact, not fiction. Likewise, in an upcoming drama about Dangun, the putative mythic founder of Gojoseon, Dangun’s territory supposedly spanned from Tibet to Sakhalin. And online Korean historical fora are absolutely replete with a similar historical understanding.

事实上，就如我在其它地方提到过的那样，在韩国历史电视剧里这种观点是主流。在也许是有史以来最受瞩目和最昂贵的韩国历史电视剧《渊盖苏文》里就明明白白地说中国在高句丽时期是韩国的领地。在整个电视剧的剧情都把这件事是当作历史事实，而不是一个虚构的请节。同样，在即将播出的有关檀君的电视剧里，檀君就大约拥有跨越从西藏到库页岛的疆土。（檀君是传说中高句丽神秘的开国国君）。在韩国网上的历史论坛里到处都充斥着类似的历史观点。

So we do have a serious problem in the South Korean historical consciousness or imagination. And we don’t need Hegel nor Kojeve to tell us that, at least in East Asia, history often commingles with reality to produce an ugly brew between nations. So I propose that we talk about addressing this problem rather than intoning that it doesn’t exist.

因此，在我们的南韩历史观有一个严重的问题。至少在东亚，用不着黑格尔（Hegel）或科耶夫（Kojeve）提醒我们就可以知道，历史总是和现实纠缠在一起酿成各国的苦酒。就此我提议我们来聊聊这个问题，而不是一路高歌，装着问题不存在。

 

Won Joon Choe先生这一大篇文字很有“众人皆醉我独醒”的味道。我很佩服他的清醒与深刻。

现代科技发达，我们很容易就能接触到不同的信息。有些问题只要我们稍加分析就不难分辨出是事实还是谎言，就像这次我发现有人把几本韩国书放在网上冒充韩国教科书来挑起事端一样。

但是世界上很多的事情并不会因为科技发展而变得简单。同很多其他的中国人一样，无论以前接触到的是事实还是谎言，对于中国的感情已经深深地扎在心里。我不能免俗，受到一点点刺激就会热血沸腾，这时候任何的冷静分析都无济于事，因为心中已有答案：谁不希望自己的祖国好呢？

争执是难以避免。这时候存着一份开放的心而进行沟通就显得弥足珍贵，而且很多时候是必不可少的了。

http://cn.bbs.yahoo.com/message/read_funny_741345.html
http://bbs.military.china.com/jsp/pub/staticFile/htmls/2006/10/1011/5893993_page0.html
http://www.fyjs.cn/bbs/read.php?tid=81274
http://military.club.china.com/jsp/pub/staticFile/htmls/2006/12/1011/6848404_page0.html
http://free.21cn.com/forum/bbsMessageList.act?currentPage=1&bbsThreadId=1528356
http://bbs.wenxin8.com/read.php?tid=87621
http://bbs.military.china.com/jsp/pub/staticFile/htmls/2006/10/1011/5893993_page0.html
http://bbs6.news.163.com/board/rep2.jsp?b=zhongri&i=982873

In 2005, South Korea successfully got Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage proclamation for its Gangneung Danoje Festival (Dano Festival) from UNESCO. The Dano Festival falls on the same day of the the Chinese Dragon Boat Festival. Many Chinese believe the Dano Festival comes from the Chinese Dragon Boat Festival, therefore they accuse Korean of stealing the title of that heritage from China.  

This time someone dug out a Korean history textbook, scanned and posted on the Chinese BBSs. These historical maps, which show ancient Korean had occupied big part of the Chinese territory,  are completely different from what Chinese learn in the schools. This inevitably spurred some uproars on Chinese BBSs. They’re bashing Korean for distorting the history and trying to steal Chinese land.

What intriguing me is, one of my Korean friend told me that she had never seen such a Korean history textbook in Korean.

I am not in a position to verify the validity of the history here. I see the problem of cross-cultural communication again in these posts.

The information of these posts may be wrong, but none of the Chinese is able/willing to verify this troll. The animosity to Korean is seeded by these posts on the China side, while people in Korean have no clue of what is happening.

Can anyone tell me these are real Korean history textbook? If it is, what is the book talking about?

I hope Korean can join the conversation.

If there is a fight, let’s fight on the net. By all means, a web war is better than any real war.

在煎蛋那读到不喜欢 iPhone 的十个理由，虽然没有还用过iPhone，可是看到它那种种功能演示，实在太喜欢了，只好根据自己的一些经验评论一番，画饼充饥。

1- 低速的移动网络。EDGE 属于2.5G，最高速率是100Kb/s，比澳大利亚的电信 GPRS 拨号还要慢。拥有 1.8Mb/s 的 iPhone 也是徒劳。
2- 电池寿命短。很遗憾，iPhone 只能提供5小时通话/上网/发送邮件或者是16小时音频播放。所以，虽然 iPhone 有那么多激动人心的功能，但是你随时随地给它充电，在家里，在车里，或在办公室里…
3- 内置式电池。只有早期市面上才会出现那些不能更换电池的手机，既然 iPhone 的电池寿命相当短，当需要一个新的电池时，谁愿意把他们手机送到到APPLE公司去维修？当iPhone电池用完时，难道用户又回到老式的NOKIA？
4- 触摸屏。尽管苹果公司轻视别的公司是小塑料键盘，但是不可否认即使是世界上最好的触摸技术，也可能是手机最脆弱的环节。
5- 数据运算量过大。“黑莓”手机受网络用户推崇的原因是它使用了大量的数据压缩和优化技术，用起来方便流畅。iPhone 复杂的功能反而会给基本的使用带来麻烦。 [比如要接电话时它死机了？]
6- 只有200w 像素的摄像头。虽然手机无法替代数码相机，但是，索爱手机上已经出现320w 像素的摄像头了。
7- 专有配件。这样会强迫用户使用它们华而不实的服务。比如 iPhone 仅限使用 Yahoo 邮箱，但是如果用户喜欢用 Gmail 或者其他的邮箱呢？
8- 没有 iChat 视频聊天。苹果的手机产品竟然没有配备这个软件，岂不是浪费？
9- 手机网络由 apple 指定。这样一来，其他地区/网络的用户要使用 iPhone 就得求助于第三方手段来解除锁定了。
10- 只有 8GB 的存储空间。

一个产品无论设计得多么好都不可能让所有用户满意。就我自己使用电话的经验来说，也许第2，3点和第10点会令我考虑不要iPhone。

电池寿命短，而且不能换电池，也就是说旅游的时候不能带两个电池换着用，那么如果要去个偏远点的地方就不能用iPhone了。

另外，iPhone的8GB储存空间看起来比一般电话要多得多了，可是要充分利用iPhone Video的功能，从iTunes下载多些Video的话，这8GB肯定是不够用的。很多人iPod 30GB都嫌少了。而且据说iPhone没有存储卡扩展槽，看来iPhone并不能用作常用的随身媒体播放器。

iPhone的目标客户应该是随时可以在车上，公司里或家里都能给iPhone充上电，偶尔用iPhone看看短片，20岁以上的美国高端用户。

可是从另一方面说来，新加坡的华人社会保留了很多华人的传统，包括很多在中国各地已经被各种运动彻底铲除的传统，如中元节，佛诞拜祭，宗亲活动等等，看多了，接触多了，新加坡其实有很多比国内保守的方面。

也许是我生活的圈子不大的原因，我接触到的新加坡人一般说话有欠风趣，虽然他们绝大部分有去过其它国家旅游，知识面跟我接触到的国内的人比较起来要小。另外新加坡本地报纸，电视，电台的沉闷是国内来的人经常抱怨的事情。

新加坡本地只有有两份大报，中文的《联合早报》和英文的《海峡时报》（Straits Times）。这两份报纸连同有其它的一些小报都是新加坡报业集团控股的。不是说这些报纸只写旧闻，只是来来去去，大同小异，没有惊喜。整个报业传媒的调子都是跟着政府走，很少看到激烈的辩论。中国表面上有更严的宣传控制，但中国地域广大，各地的报纸只要不去碰那几跟高压线，评论起地方政府，地方政策比新加坡这边激烈、精彩许多。

新加坡电视剧的包装还显得有点现代气氛，不过是大部分的本地华语电视剧我基本上都是当作搞笑片来看的：剧本情节安排得搞笑，演员表演生硬得搞笑。

新加坡的电台广播是话说得少，音乐放得多，这点很多人喜欢。新加坡每个官方语言都有自己的电台，然而每个电台把语种分得又太过死板。英语电台极少听到华语的歌；华语电台通常只放华语的音乐，连粤语歌都没有（据说是受制于限制方言的法令）。这样跟国内有些电台比较起来，又显得单调了。

在新加坡这个沉闷的环境里，它的新媒体空间不能不说是一道亮丽的风景：在上面你能找到，同性恋，双性恋，异性恋（这个不大稀奇）；能找到反党的（人民行动党，执政党），挺党的，没有意见的（这个也不大稀奇）。

在新加坡的线上生活这篇文章里我们可以看到新加坡有各种非常活跃的网上互动。Zac分析了新加坡最热门的网站，说新加坡人很喜欢写Blog。大家再看看最近在全球之声上的这一篇总结2006年新加坡的新媒体政治，新加坡比中国有开放得多的新媒体言论：中国有各种人在写博，没有部长博客；中国有各种恶搞，没人敢把领导人在人民大会堂上的讲话来做成Rap。

我感觉在新媒体里能更容易看到新加坡人的想法。