Chinese mathematicians put final pieces in global puzzle – Poincare conjecture

Today is a special day. It has been 17 years already.

Here comes an interesting news.

Two Chinese mathematicians, Professor Cao Huaidong, of Lehigh University in Pennsylvania, and Professor Zhu Xiping, of Zhongshan (Sun Yat-sen) University in south China’s Guangdong Province put the finishing touches to the complete proof of the Poincare Conjecture, which had puzzled mathematicians around the world for a century.

See the news in People’s daily.

Here is a Chinese version I got from Life Daily

中国数学家破解世纪难题
2006-06-04 08:56:39
彻底证明庞加莱猜想,比哥德巴赫猜想还重要

据新华社北京6月3日电国际数学界关注上百年的重大难题———庞加莱猜想,近日被科学家完全破解。
  著名数学家丘成桐3日在中国科学院晨兴数学研究中心宣布,在美、俄等国科学家的工作基础上,中山大学朱熹平教授和旅美数学家、清华大学兼职教授曹怀东已经彻底证明了这一猜想。
  “这就像盖大楼,前人打好了基础,但最后一步———也就是‘封顶’工作是由中国人来完成的。”丘成桐说,“这是一项大成就,比哥德巴赫猜想重要得多。”
  任何一个封闭的三维空间,只要它里面所有的封闭曲线都可以收缩成一点,这个空间就一定是一个三维圆球———这就是法国数学家庞加莱于
  1904年提出的猜想。庞加莱猜想和黎曼假设、霍奇猜想、杨·米尔理论等一样,被并列为七大数学世纪难题之一。2000年5月,美国的克莱数学研究所为每道题悬赏百万美元求解。
  100多年来,无数的数学家关注并致力于证实庞加莱猜想。20世纪80年代初,美国数学家瑟斯顿教授因为得出了对庞加莱几何结构猜想的部分证明结果而获得菲尔兹奖。之后,美国数学家汉密尔顿在这个猜想的证明上也取得了重要进展。2003年,俄罗斯数学家佩雷尔曼更是提出了解决这一猜想的要领。
  运用汉密尔顿、佩雷尔曼的理论,朱熹平和曹怀东第一次成功处理了猜想中“奇异点”的难题,发表了300多页的论文,给出了庞加莱猜想的完全证明。
  从去年9月底至今年3月,朱熹平和曹怀东应邀前往哈佛大学,以每星期3小时的时间———连续20多个星期、共约70个小时———向包括哈佛大学数学系主任在内的5位数学家进行讲解,回答了专家们提出的一系列问题。
  丘成桐指出,这一证明意义重大,将有助于人类更好地研究三维空间,对物理学和工程学都将产生深远的影响。

The Poincare conjecture is one of seven Millennium Prize Problems selected by the Clay Mathematics Institute in 2000. The Clay Mathematics Institute offers 1 million US dollor for its solution.

Following a program outlined earlier by Richard Hamilton, Grigori Perelman made a breakthrough in 2003. However, Perelman seemed to move on to other things after that and did not write down the details of a proof.

If the proof made by Prof. Cao and Prof. Zhu is verified, who will get the one million dollor prize?

记者就此问题请教数学家杨乐。这位数学家说,如果按百分之百划分,那么美国数学家汉密尔顿的贡献在50%以上,提出解决这一猜想要领的俄罗斯数学家佩雷尔曼的贡献在25%左右。“中国科学家的贡献,包括丘成桐、朱熹平、曹怀东等,在30%左右。”

According to the XinHuaNet’s interview with another Chinese mathematician, these Chinese mathematicians contributed about 30% work, while Hamilton contributed 50% and Perelman made 25%.

朱熹平:这笔奖金应该发给前面那些做了很多工作的学者,我们只是走了最后一步而已。

But Prof Zhu said in an interview with New Express, “This prize should award those scholars who made most contribution before. We just completed the last move.”

相关文章: 八卦丘-田事件 1 Gossip about Qiu-tian incident 1 ; 庞加莱猜想(Poincare conjecture)-关于田刚丘成桐事件;

Trip to Tanjung Pinang

IndonesiaRiauIslands.png
Graphic from Wikipedia
Tanjung Pinang简称TG Pinang。中文音译“丹戎槟榔”或“丹戎宾南”。它是印尼廖内群岛省(Riau islands,见上图的红圈标识)的省会(Capital,位于上图靠下的红圈)。从新加坡的Tanan Merah码头买60块新元的来回票坐船过去只要两个小时就到了。

VOACountries.jpg

Foreigners, including Chinese, Indian, American, British, and Australian, can get a Visa-on-Arrival at the custom of TG. Pinang. (See the picture above)

VOAFee.jpg

The Visa fee is US$ 10 for 7 days and US$ 25 for 30 days.

That’s much more convenient for travellers. I had to pay 70 Singapore dollars and queue twice to get a visa before I came to Indonesia one year ago.

拿中国护照的可以到了印尼海关再办落地签证。10美元7天,25美元30天。挺方便的。

Port.jpg

码头(Port)

Continue reading Trip to Tanjung Pinang

烦人的康康

康康近两个月来学了越来越多的话。而且他还能即兴一两句新组合,来个创新表达。

“这是苹果。”我指着水果篮里的水果说。

康康看着苹果,眨眨眼说:“奶奶买苹果给康康吃啊。”

嘴馋!不过还记得他奶奶。

康康除了会一点创新外,还能听得懂点道理。

有一次,他在地上拣到一粒小球,看着能吃的样子就要放嘴里咬。我连忙对他说,“嘿,那东西不能吃!脏!快丢掉它!”

他仔细看了看,想了想,把它丢掉了。

前天晚上,到要抹洗睡觉的时候,康康开始了他的抗议。

叫着,跳着,滚着,就是不要抹身。

我对他说:”康康,抹完身吃牛奶好不好?“

康康马上安静下来,乖乖地给剥光衣服抹身子。

”孺子可教也。“

昨晚康康又不愿意睡觉了。他吵着要出去,要跟哥哥姐姐玩。吵了很久,我觉得应该给他讲点道理。

我把他抱了出去,指着楼下的游乐场说:”你看!没有人玩滑梯了,哥哥姐姐都睡觉了,康康也睡觉好吗?“

康康认真地看了看远处的游乐场,仔细地想,突然又闹了起来:”不要!不要!要街街!要街街!“

他拉开了嗓门在喊,摇着头,两只眼睛使劲地闭着,挤出了几滴眼泪。

我看这一招不见效,马上带他走远一些,指着邻居家的门口说:”你看,凯艺姐姐关门了,她睡觉了,康康也睡觉好吗?“

”不要!不要!“

这一招也不管用。

”福恩哥哥也睡了。康康去睡觉,明天跟福恩哥哥玩好吗?“

”不要!不要!“

也不行。我一斤的耐性快用掉了九两。

我指着远处停着的卡车说:“你看Lorry睡觉了…Texi睡觉了…小鸟睡觉了…猫猫睡觉了,康康要不要睡觉啊?”

康康静了一下,但很快:“不要!不要!”又叫了起来。

我再想个法子:“Daddy带你到那里走走,回来就睡觉好吗?”

“好。”他应得很快。

看来真要有点耐性才行。

我抱着他一面走,一面唱歌,再一面教育他要早睡觉,明天起来可以玩…

康康终于安静了很多。

可是等我走了一圈就要进家门的时候,他又闹了起来:“我要街街!不要睡觉!”跟我示威。

我真想给他几巴掌!

我把康康丢给他妈,躺在床上用枕头捂住耳朵。

到现在我还没有打过这小子。不过我不知道我还能忍多久。

Is there a shopping mall in India?

A Chinese student wants to share his experience in India. He posted a note on Chinadaily BBS to invite ppl to chat with him.

He is studying in India. Rare enough. However, there are not many replies to his post.

When I followed the replies, I found these interesting comments.


what do you know about india on earth?
tell me the truth please, is there a shopping mall there? which city have you been there?

“Is there a shopping mall there?” I remember I was asked similarly about China years before.

This guy did not believe, but his evident is Indian should speak good English.

cheat

your word express you don’t stay in india, english is mother language there,even if you are chinese,stay indian so long time you should speak perfect english. …

Well, I must say that at least he knows many Indian speak English. Not so bad.

When I asked ppl in China, “What do Indian speak?”

Often, I got this answer.

“Er..they speak Indian.”

Chinese know much less about India, their close neighbour, than about the US.