今天是新加坡国会大选日

新加坡每届政府会有两次全国性大选:一是选总统,还有就是选国会了。新加坡实行的是议会制,总统没有什么实权。而且新加坡只有一个国会,在国会选举中赢得简单多数(过半)议席的政党就可以推选总理,并由总理组织内阁。今天的选举就是选国会,决定未来5年的新加坡政府。

新加坡的议员分别由各个选区的选民选出。新加坡有两种选区,一种是单选区(Single Member Constituency – SMC),另一种是集选区(Group Representation Constituency – GRC)。在单选区内选民只选出一位议员;而在集选区内选民是选的一个5人或6人的竞选团队。新加坡今年一共有14个集选区及9个单选区共84个议席。

世界上大部分国家都只有单选区的制度,也就是在一个事先划定的选区内各候选人竞选一个国会议席。集选区制度是新加坡在八十年代世界首创的。这也是一项有争议的制度。新加坡反对党指责政府利用集选区的制度压制他们。因为选区是由政府划分的,反对党说政府把几个对执政党支持度高的单选区与对执政党支持度低的单选区合并成一个集选区,从而使得反对党难以赢得竞选。而新加坡政府解释说集选区制度是保证新加坡少数族群能进入国会的必要措施:政府规定,在每个集选区的竞选团队里必须要有一个以上的少数族群的候选人;在华人占75%的新加坡如果全是单选区的话,那么有可能没有一个少数族群的人能进入国会。不过反对党反驳,如果只是少数族群的原因的话,没有必要把集选区的竞选人数由原来的3人扩大到现在的56人。

新加坡的选举制度还有两项有争议的地方。

其一是选举按柜金(押金)制度。每个候选人在参加大选前都要交一笔高额的按柜金。今年的候选人要交13,500新元(约67,500元人民币,新加坡人均GDP32,000新元)的按柜金。另外,如果选举人获得的选票不到选票的八分之一的话,按柜金将被没收。反对党批评这项规定阻止了反对党参选。政府则声称这项规定是必要的,可以防止无聊人士参选,浪费工帑。

其二是选票上的序号。新加坡的每张选票上都印有序号。有些人认为,政府可以通过这些序号查到具体谁投票给反对党,然后实施报复。不过政府说,这些序号只是用以防止有人印假选票。只有当计票有争议时,政府才会开箱检查序号。这一次选举宣传中,电视台及广播都很强调投票是保密的。对此,反对党之一工人党的议员刘程强说他相信政府会对投票保密,他号召人民不要怕投票给反对党。

新加坡前几次大选都没有足够的反对党挑战执政党人民行动党过半的议席,因此自1988年以来每次大选行动党都在提名日赢得大选。不过这一次,新加坡反对党提名竞选全部的9个单选区(SMC)和7个集选区(GRC),并将在今天进行的选举中竞选47个议席。行动党还差6席才能单独组建内阁,所以到底行动党能不能当选还要看今天大选的结果才能决定。

康康会唱歌了。

今天终于可以睡个懒觉了。直到日上三竿还懒洋洋地摊在床上,有机会能多迷糊一下真的很舒服。

突然听到康康在客厅里叫喊,一个字一个字的叫。我清醒了一些,仔细听听,哈!原来他在唱歌:“月亮啊,月亮啊,我爱你。来,来,来,请你从天上下来,”这首是他爷爷经常给他唱的催眠曲。

几个星期前康康已经能够哼上几句歌。父亲听到他在哼这首歌,大为开心。跟刚好过来小住几天的姑母叙起旧来。说这首歌是他小学一年级学的,当我出生后就用作催眠曲哄我睡觉,现在又用在康康身上了。父亲,母亲,姑母都是上的同一间小学,都会唱这首歌。谈起来,忆苦思甜,感概万千。

这一次康康唱得很清楚,更有韵味。我想着,要康康爷爷听到了,一定笑得合不拢嘴。

“小弟弟,小妹妹,我不能够下来…”

我耐着性子等他唱完。下床推门一看,只见我们的康康在客厅中央,坐在他的小马桶上,摇头晃脑地在叫着。见我出来,咧嘴对我一笑:“Daddy!

乖乖,他把他爷爷的催眠曲用在了他大便的时候。

这首催眠曲成了他的“大便歌“!

Jili-guru 4 (Fourth Malay Class)

I am seriously thinking of starting a systematic on-line Malay course now, because there are not many on the net. I just found one entry for Malay course in the Omniglot on-line language course list. Though I still have not had a schedule, I have a good name for it. 🙂

As for now, I continue post my class notes here.

We learnt days of the week yesterday. Here is the cross table:

hari Ahad / hari Minggu
Sunday
hari Isnin
Monday
hari Selasa
Tuesday
hari Rabu
Wednesday
hari Khamis
Thursday
hari Jumaat
Friday
hari Sabtu
Saturday

Don’t be surprised that you find a people named Selasa in Malasia. Most possibly, she was born on Tuesday.

We learnt the months also. They are very similar to those in English. But some of them, such as April and Januari, have different pronunciations in Malay.

Januari
January
Februari
February
Mac
March
April
April
Mei
May
Jun
June
Julai
July
Ogos
August
September
September
Oktober
October
November
November
Disember
December

Other things we learnt:

Sudah makan?
Have you eaten?

5112
Lima ribu satu ratus sebelas

312968
Tiga ratus dua belas ribu semilan ratus enum puluh lapan

9432801
Semilan juta  empt ratus tiga puluh dua ribu lapant ratus satu
 
Kuah lebih
More soup

Umur
Age

Datuk
Grandfather

Tepat
Exactly

Tahun
Year

Hari ini
Today

Anak
Child

Dalam
In

Kereta
Car

Ini
This / These

Hari ini
Today

Itu
That /Those

Ibu/ama
Mother

Membeli
Buy

Berat
Heavy

Berat badannya
Weight

Dia
He/She

Memandu
drive

Sejauh
Distance of

Rumah
House

Tingkak
Level/Floor

Terakhir
Last

Bapa
Father

Beri
Give

Hari
Day

Isnin
Monday

Hari ini hari apt?
What is the day today?

Hari ini hari Jumaat
Today is Friday.

Ialah
Is

Semalah
Yesterday

Semalah hari apa?
What is the day yesterday?

Esok
Tomorrow

Esok hari apa?
What is the day of tomorrow?

Nama
Name

Jili-guru 3 (Third Malay Class )

I officially name my Malay class notes as Jili-guru today.

Jili is a name; guru means teacher in Malay. Jili-guru means teacher Jili. Just one extra, small thing. Jili-guru is 叽里咕噜 in Chinese. We Chinese use this term to describe a language which is hard to understand. For example, “他在说啥呀?叽里咕噜的.” That is, “What the hell is he talking? I get no clue!” Well, I hope my notes can help people understand Malay better, not to take it as 叽里咕噜 when listening to Malay.

We continued on number yesterday. One step further, we learnt ordinal numbers/postions. The rules for ordinal numbers in Malay is simple. Just add a “Ke” before the number, except the number 1. 1st in Malay is Pertama.
For example, 2 in Malay is “Dua.” So 2nd in Malay is “Kedua.” 8 in Malay is “Lapan.” So 8th in Malay is “Kelapan.”

I will make the matching table when I have time.

Other things I have learnt in this class:

Malay: Lihat muka surat 2
English: Look at page 2 (muka – face; surat-letter; muka surat – page)

tempat pertama – 1st place
tempat kedua -2nd place

Soalan – Question
Jawapan – Answer

Malay: Sila baca ayat ketiga
English: please read sentence number3

Baca – read

Malay: Pilih pasangan
English: Choose a partner

Buah is always sit before fruit in Malay. It is kind of modifier for fruit. If you want to say Fruit in general, that is Buah-buahan

Buah durian – Durian

Buah epal – Apple

Buah tembikai – Watermelon

Buah mangga – Mango

 

Awak – You

Berapa – How many/much

Harga – price

Ialah – it/they

Gula – sugar

Gula-gula – sweet (Noun)

Manis – sweet (adjective)

Ada – have

Pasang – pair

Pasang – to fix

Tangan – hand

Duit/wang – money

Malay: Berapa biji buah epal awak ada?

English: How many apples do you have?

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